USE OF DNA TYPING FOR CRIMINAL CASEWORK IN SRI LANKA
Nalin C.W. Goonesekere, Ph.D., Maya B. Gunasekera, Ph.D., and Neil Fernandopulle, B.Sc.
Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Sri Lanka is a small island of 17 million people, situated in the Indian Ocean. It is a member of the
Commonwealth of Nations, and its system of justice has elements of both English Law as well as Roman
Dutch Law. There has been no special legislation enacted specifically to deal with DNA evidence. Under
the current laws of evidence, blood samples can be obtained from suspects for DNA typing, provided
prior consent is obtained. However, it is possible to obtain a buccal swab, or hair samples, without
consent from the suspects.
We began our work on DNA typing in Sri Lanka in 1996, due to the considerable public interest in this
field. The reason for this is that apart from its relevance to routine criminal investigations, DNA typing can
also be applied to identify victims in mass graves, and victims of bomb blasts. We selected the short
tandem repeat (STR) method
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of DNA typing, because it has the twin advantages of high sensitivity, and
the easy assignment of alleles. Further, this method does not require the use of radioactive chemicals,
and is also technically less demanding than methods based on minisatellites.
We began by establishing population databases for some selected STR markers through a research
grant from the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka. The STR markers we selected included the
CTT system, the FFv system and the Silver STR system
(Promega Corporation, U.S.A.). While we were
engaged in our research project, a particularly gruesome mass murder took place in Sri Lanka shocking
the entire nation.